{"id":1277,"date":"2026-06-18T08:29:45","date_gmt":"2026-06-18T08:29:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/?p=1277"},"modified":"2026-06-18T08:29:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-18T08:29:45","slug":"gear-heat-treatment-carburizing-nitriding-hardening","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/gear-heat-treatment-carburizing-nitriding-hardening\/","title":{"rendered":"Tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ozuben\u00fdch kol: cementace, nitridace a kalen\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/div>\n
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Tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ozuben\u00fdch kol: cementace, nitridace a kalen\u00ed<\/h1>\n

V\u00fdkonnostn\u00ed strop jak\u00e9hokoli p\u0159evodu \u2013 jeho maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed nosnost, \u00fanavov\u00e1 \u017eivotnost a odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed \u2013 je ur\u010den procesem tepeln\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed. Dv\u011b ozuben\u00e1 kola obroben\u00e1 ze stejn\u00e9ho ocelov\u00e9ho ingotu na identick\u00e9 rozm\u011bry budou m\u00edt radik\u00e1ln\u011b odli\u0161nou \u017eivotnost v z\u00e1vislosti na tom, zda jsou kalen\u00e1, cementovan\u00e1, nitridovan\u00e1 nebo induk\u010dn\u011b kalen\u00e1. Tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed je neviditeln\u00e9 in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 odd\u011bluje p\u0159evodovku s \u017eivotnost\u00ed 500 hodin od p\u0159evodovky s \u017eivotnost\u00ed 5 000 hodin za stejn\u00fdch provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n

Promluvte si s na\u0161imi in\u017een\u00fdry<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed definuje v\u00fdkon ozuben\u00e9ho kola<\/h2>\n

Zub ozuben\u00e9ho kola v zat\u00ed\u017een\u00e9m P\u0159evodovka PTO<\/a> za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sou\u010dasn\u011b dva odli\u0161n\u00e9 re\u017eimy nap\u011bt\u00ed. Povrch zubu sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed tlakov\u00e9 Hertzovo kontaktn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed, kde se spojovac\u00ed zuby tla\u010d\u00ed k sob\u011b \u2013 tlaky, kter\u00e9 mohou u zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch ku\u017eelov\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol p\u0159i r\u00e1zov\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159es\u00e1hnout 1 500 MPa. Pa\u017ee zubu sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed cyklick\u00e9 ohybov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed, kdy\u017e je ka\u017ed\u00fd zub zat\u00ed\u017een a odleh\u010den jednou za ot\u00e1\u010dku \u2013 co\u017e je \u00fanavov\u00fd vzorec zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, kter\u00fd se hromad\u00ed miliony cykl\u016f nap\u011bt\u00ed za sez\u00f3nu. Odolnost v\u016f\u010di t\u011bmto dv\u011bma typ\u016fm nap\u011bt\u00ed vy\u017eaduje dv\u011b r\u016fzn\u00e9 vlastnosti materi\u00e1lu: povrchovou tvrdost (aby odolal d\u016flkov\u00e9mu opot\u0159eben\u00ed a opot\u0159eben\u00ed v d\u016fsledku kontaktn\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed) a hou\u017eevnatost j\u00e1dra (aby odolal \u00fanav\u011b v ohybu a absorboval r\u00e1zy bez k\u0159ehk\u00e9ho lomu).<\/p>\n

\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 jednotn\u00e1 tvrdost nespl\u0148uje oba po\u017eadavky. Pln\u011b tvrd\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo (60+ HRC v cel\u00e9m rozsahu) kr\u00e1sn\u011b odol\u00e1v\u00e1 opot\u0159eben\u00ed povrchu, ale p\u0159i n\u00e1razu se rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed, proto\u017ee nem\u00e1 ta\u017enost k absorbov\u00e1n\u00ed energie r\u00e1zu. M\u011bkk\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo (25\u201330 HRC v cel\u00e9m rozsahu) absorbuje r\u00e1zy bez lomu, ale rychle se opot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 na povrchu zubu, proto\u017ee nedok\u00e1\u017ee odolat kontaktn\u00edm tlak\u016fm. \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm \u2013 a z\u00e1kladn\u00edm \u00fa\u010delem tepeln\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ozuben\u00fdch kol \u2013 je vytvo\u0159en\u00ed kompozitn\u00ed struktury: tvrd\u00e9ho, ot\u011bruvzdorn\u00e9ho povrchov\u00e9ho pouzdra obklopuj\u00edc\u00edho hou\u017eevnat\u00e9, n\u00e1razy absorbuj\u00edc\u00ed j\u00e1dro. T\u00e9to kompozitn\u00ed struktury se dosahuje t\u0159emi prim\u00e1rn\u00edmi procesy tepeln\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, ka\u017ed\u00fd prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jin\u00e9ho metalurgick\u00e9ho mechanismu.<\/p>\n

\"V\u00fdroba<\/div>\n

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Cementace: Zlat\u00fd standard pro zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky<\/h2>\n

Cementace je termochemick\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd difunduje atomy uhl\u00edku do povrchu ozuben\u00e9ho kola z n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00e9 oceli (obvykle 8620, 4320 nebo 20MnCr5) p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch mezi 900 a 950 \u00b0C. Uhl\u00edk obohacuje povrchovou vrstvu na obsah uhl\u00edku p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,7\u20130,9% \u2013 co\u017e je dostate\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00fd obsah uhl\u00edku, aby se p\u0159i n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m kalen\u00ed (rychl\u00e9m ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed) ozuben\u00e9ho kola vytvo\u0159il velmi tvrd\u00fd martenzit. J\u00e1dro, kter\u00e9 si zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u016fj p\u016fvodn\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00fd obsah uhl\u00edku 0,15\u20130,25%, se transformuje na hou\u017eevnatou martenziticko-bainitickou strukturu, kter\u00e1 odol\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1razu a \u00fanav\u011b v ohybu. V\u00fdsledkem je ozuben\u00e9 kolo s povrchovou tvrdost\u00ed 58\u201363 HRC a tvrdost\u00ed j\u00e1dra 30\u201342 HRC \u2013 ide\u00e1ln\u00ed kompozitn\u00ed struktura pro vysok\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka<\/strong> aplikace.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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1<\/span><\/p>\n
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P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed<\/p>\n

Ozuben\u00e9 kolo se obr\u00e1b\u00ed na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 kone\u010dn\u00e9 rozm\u011bry z \u017e\u00edhan\u00e9 n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00e9 legovan\u00e9 oceli, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e na ka\u017ed\u00e9m povrchu zb\u00fdv\u00e1 0,1\u20130,15 mm materi\u00e1lu pro n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 brou\u0161en\u00ed po kalen\u00ed. V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi se \u0159e\u017eou dr\u00e1\u017eky pro pera a dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e1n\u00ed, dokud je ocel je\u0161t\u011b m\u011bkk\u00e1 a obrobiteln\u00e1.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n
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Cementace (dif\u00faze uhl\u00edku)<\/p>\n

Ozuben\u00e9 kolo se zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 na 900\u2013950 \u00b0C v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e bohat\u00e9 na uhl\u00edk (endotermick\u00fd plyn nebo vakuum se vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00edm uhlovod\u00edk\u016f) po dobu 4 a\u017e 24 hodin v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u017eadovan\u00e9 hloubce pouzdra. Uhl\u00edk difunduje do povrchu a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed gradient od uhl\u00edku 0,8% na povrchu k p\u016fvodn\u00edm 0,2% na hranici pouzdra a j\u00e1dra.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n
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Kalen\u00ed (rychl\u00e9 chlazen\u00ed)<\/p>\n

Ozuben\u00e9 kolo se kal\u00ed v oleji nebo vysokotlak\u00e9m plynu, aby se povrch obohacen\u00fd uhl\u00edkem p\u0159em\u011bnil na tvrd\u00fd martenzit. Rychlost kalen\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt dostate\u010dn\u011b rychl\u00e1, aby se na povrchu vytvo\u0159il martenzit (58\u201363 HRC), ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 dostate\u010dn\u011b kontrolovan\u00e1, aby se minimalizovala deformace a zbytkov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n
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Temperov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n

Kalen\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo se znovu zah\u0159eje na 150\u2013200 \u00b0C po dobu 1\u20132 hodin, aby se uvolnilo vnit\u0159n\u00ed pnut\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 kalen\u00edm, ani\u017e by se v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eila tvrdost povrchu. Popou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje k\u0159ehk\u00fd nepopu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd martenzit na popu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd martenzit \u2013 st\u00e1le velmi tvrd\u00fd (57\u201362 HRC), ale se zlep\u0161enou hou\u017eevnatost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

5<\/span><\/p>\n
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Dokon\u010dovac\u00ed brou\u0161en\u00ed<\/p>\n

Kone\u010dn\u00e9ho profilu zub\u016f ozuben\u00e9ho kola a povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy se dosahuje brou\u0161en\u00edm kalen\u00e9ho pouzdra. T\u00edm se odstran\u00ed deforma\u010dn\u00ed vrstva o tlou\u0161\u0165ce 0,1\u20130,15 mm z kalen\u00ed a dos\u00e1hne se p\u0159esn\u00e9 geometrie zub\u016f a povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy (Ra 0,4\u20130,8 \u00b5m), co\u017e je nezbytn\u00e9 pro tich\u00fd a efektivn\u00ed z\u00e1b\u011brov\u00fd chod p\u0159evodovky s v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Hloubka pouzdra \u2013 tlou\u0161\u0165ka kalen\u00e9 povrchov\u00e9 vrstvy \u2013 je kritick\u00fdm parametrem cementace pro konstrukt\u00e9ry ozuben\u00fdch kol. Nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 hloubka pouzdra znamen\u00e1, \u017ee tvrd\u00e1 vrstva je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 tenk\u00e1 na to, aby unesla kontaktn\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed; podpovrchov\u00e9 nap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 pole se rozprost\u00edr\u00e1 pod pouzdrem do m\u011bk\u010d\u00edho j\u00e1dra, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje podpovrchov\u00e9 \u00fanavov\u00e9 prask\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se projevuje jako d\u016flkov\u00e1 tvorba na povrchu zubu. Nadm\u011brn\u00e1 hloubka pouzdra ztr\u00e1c\u00ed \u010das zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee ve skute\u010dnosti sn\u00ed\u017eit \u00fanavovou \u017eivotnost t\u00edm, \u017ee pouzdro je tak siln\u00e9 a k\u0159ehk\u00e9, \u017ee p\u0159i r\u00e1zov\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed prask\u00e1. U ku\u017eelov\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch p\u0159evodovek v\u00fdvodov\u00fdch h\u0159\u00eddel\u00ed s modulem 4 a\u017e 8 mm je c\u00edlov\u00e1 efektivn\u00ed hloubka pouzdra (hloubka do 50 HRC) typicky 0,8 a\u017e 1,5 mm \u2013 zhruba 10\u2013151 TP3T tlou\u0161\u0165ky zubu v rozte\u010dn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p>\n

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Nitridace: Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed deformace pro p\u0159esn\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola<\/h2>\n

Nitridace difunduje dus\u00edk (sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e uhl\u00edk) do povrchu ozuben\u00e9ho kola z legovan\u00e9 oceli p\u0159i teplot\u011b 500\u2013580 \u00b0C \u2013 co\u017e je v\u00fdrazn\u011b pod teplotou transformace oceli. Proto\u017ee b\u011bhem nitridace nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 f\u00e1zov\u00e9 transformaci, nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed prakticky k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu rozm\u011brov\u00e9mu zkreslen\u00ed. Nitridovan\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo si zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u00e9 rozm\u011bry z p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u00fapravy tak p\u0159esn\u011b, \u017ee jemn\u00e9 brou\u0161en\u00ed po \u00faprav\u011b je \u010dasto zbyte\u010dn\u00e9, co\u017e \u0161et\u0159\u00ed jak v\u00fdrobn\u00ed \u010das, tak n\u00e1klady.<\/p>\n

Nitridovan\u00e1 povrchov\u00e1 vrstva dosahuje tvrdosti 65\u201372 HRC \u2013 co\u017e je tvrd\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e cementovan\u00e9 pouzdra \u2013 tvorbou nitridov\u00fdch slou\u010denin \u017eeleza a slitin. Hloubka pouzdra je v\u0161ak obvykle pouze 0,2 a\u017e 0,5 mm, co\u017e je podstatn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e p\u0159i cementaci. Tato tenk\u00e1 tvrd\u00e1 vrstva poskytuje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed a od\u011bru, ale nab\u00edz\u00ed omezenou oporu pro vysok\u00e9 Hertzovo kontaktn\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Nitridovan\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola funguj\u00ed nejl\u00e9pe v aplikac\u00edch se st\u0159edn\u00edm kontaktn\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00edm, ale s vysokou kluznou rychlost\u00ed \u2013 podm\u00ednky, kter\u00e9 se vyskytuj\u00ed u \u0161nekov\u00fdch p\u0159evod\u016f, n\u011bkter\u00fdch vysokorychlostn\u00edch \u0161roubov\u00fdch p\u0159evod\u016f a p\u0159esn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00fdch p\u0159evodovek.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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Tvrdost povrchu po nitridaci<\/p>\n

65\u201372 HRC<\/p>\n

Tvrd\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e cementovan\u00e9 pouzdra (58\u201363 HRC), ale omezen\u00e9 na hloubku pouzdra 0,2\u20130,5 mm
\nPrakticky nulov\u00e1 deformace \u2013 ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b aplikac\u00ed nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 dokon\u010dovac\u00ed brou\u0161en\u00ed<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

U zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch p\u0159evodovek, kde je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 r\u00e1zov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u2013 rota\u010dn\u00ed fr\u00e9zy nar\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed na kameny, p\u0159evodovky \u017eac\u00edch \u017eac\u00edch skl\u00edze\u010dek absorbuj\u00edc\u00ed r\u00e1zy z ucp\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed plodin, p\u0159evodovky sn\u011b\u017en\u00fdch pluh\u016f nar\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed na zamrzl\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky \u2013 je samotn\u00e1 nitridace obecn\u011b nedostate\u010dn\u00e1. Tenk\u00e1 tvrd\u00e1 schr\u00e1nka nedok\u00e1\u017ee absorbovat koncentrovan\u00e9 podpovrchov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed z n\u00e1raz\u016f a mal\u00e1 hloubka schr\u00e1nky poskytuje minim\u00e1ln\u00ed rezervu \u00fanavov\u00e9 \u017eivotnosti p\u0159i siln\u00e9m Hertzov\u011b zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Cementace z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dominantn\u00ed volbou pro t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 ku\u017eelov\u00e1 a \u010deln\u00ed ozuben\u00e1 kola. Nitridace nach\u00e1z\u00ed sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto v p\u0159esn\u00fdch \u0161nekov\u00fdch p\u0159evodech, pohonech p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f a aplikac\u00edch, kde je rozm\u011brov\u00e1 p\u0159esnost po opracov\u00e1n\u00ed prvo\u0159ad\u00e1. Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pohled na to, jak hluk p\u0159evodu vznik\u00e1 z kvality povrchu a vzor\u016f z\u00e1b\u011bru zub\u016f, naleznete v na\u0161\u00ed technick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce. Odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f s hlukem p\u0159evodovky v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"P\u0159esn\u00e1<\/div>\n

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Induk\u010dn\u00ed kalen\u00ed: Selektivn\u00ed povrchov\u00e1 \u00faprava s vysokou rychlost\u00ed<\/h2>\n

Induk\u010dn\u00ed kalen\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 elektromagnetickou indukci k rychl\u00e9mu oh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed povrchu zubu ozuben\u00e9ho kola nad austenitiza\u010dn\u00ed teplotu (850\u20131 000 \u00b0C), n\u00e1sledovan\u00e9mu okam\u017eit\u00fdm kalen\u00edm vodou nebo polymern\u00edm sprejem. Na martenzit se transformuje pouze povrchov\u00e1 vrstva oh\u0159\u00e1t\u00e1 induk\u010dn\u00ed c\u00edvkou \u2013 j\u00e1dro, kter\u00e9 nikdy nedos\u00e1hlo transforma\u010dn\u00ed teploty, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9m p\u016fvodn\u00edm m\u011bk\u010d\u00edm stavu. V\u00fdsledkem je kalen\u00fd povrch s tvrdost\u00ed 50\u201360 HRC p\u0159es hou\u017eevnat\u00e9 j\u00e1dro s tvrdost\u00ed 25\u201335 HRC \u2013 kompozitn\u00ed struktura podobn\u00e1 cementaci, ale dosa\u017een\u00e1 b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika sekund a\u017e minut, nikoli hodin.<\/p>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dovou v\u00fdhodou induk\u010dn\u00edho kalen\u00ed je rychlost a selektivita. Patinu zubu jednoho ozuben\u00e9ho kola lze kalit za 10\u201330 sekund na zub a proces umo\u017e\u0148uje selektivn\u011b o\u0161et\u0159it specifick\u00e9 oblasti (bok zubu, zaoblen\u00ed paty, lo\u017eiskov\u00fd \u010dep), zat\u00edmco ostatn\u00ed oblasti z\u016fstanou m\u011bkk\u00e9. Tato selektivita je cenn\u00e1, kdy\u017e ozuben\u00e9 kolo mus\u00ed m\u00edt tvrd\u00fd povrch zubu, ale m\u011bkk\u00fd otvor (pro nalisov\u00e1n\u00ed na h\u0159\u00eddel) nebo m\u011bkkou oblast n\u00e1boje (pro pevnost v udr\u017een\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017eky pro pero). Induk\u010dn\u00ed kalen\u00ed vy\u017eaduje ocel se st\u0159edn\u00edm obsahem uhl\u00edku (uhl\u00edk 0,40\u20130,55%, nap\u0159\u00edklad 4140, 4340 nebo 1045), kter\u00e1 obsahuje dostatek uhl\u00edku pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed tvrd\u00e9ho martenzitu bez obohacen\u00ed cementac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Hloubka pouzdra p\u0159i induk\u010dn\u00edm kalen\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na frekvenci a hustot\u011b v\u00fdkonu: vysok\u00e1 frekvence (100\u2013500 kHz) vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed m\u011blk\u00e9 pouzdra o tlou\u0161\u0165ce 0,5\u20132 mm vhodn\u00e9 pro mal\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo; n\u00edzk\u00e1 frekvence (1\u201310 kHz) vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed pouzdra o tlou\u0161\u0165ce 3\u20138 mm pro velk\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola. Pro ozuben\u00e1 kola se st\u0159edn\u00edm modulem P\u0159evodovka PTO<\/strong> Ozuben\u00e1 kola (modul 4\u20138) se st\u0159edn\u00ed frekvenc\u00ed (10\u2013100 kHz) obvykle dosahuj\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed hloubky obalen\u00ed 1\u20133 mm. Nev\u00fdhodou ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s cementac\u00ed je, \u017ee induk\u010dn\u011b kalen\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola obecn\u011b dosahuj\u00ed o 2\u20134 body HRC ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 tvrdosti a m\u00e9n\u011b rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 hloubky obalen\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d slo\u017eit\u00fdmi geometriemi zub\u016f \u2013 zejm\u00e9na v kritick\u00e9 oblasti zaoblen\u00ed paty zubu, kde vznikaj\u00ed \u00fanavov\u00e9 trhliny.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed proces\u016f: V\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho tepeln\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Parametr<\/th>\nCementace<\/th>\nNitridace<\/th>\nInduk\u010dn\u00ed kalen\u00ed<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Tvrdost povrchu<\/td>\n58\u201363 HRC<\/td>\n65\u201372 HRC<\/td>\n50\u201360 HRC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tvrdost j\u00e1dra<\/td>\n30\u201342 HRC<\/td>\n25\u201335 HRC<\/td>\n25\u201335 HRC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hloubka p\u0159\u00edpadu (efektivn\u00ed)<\/td>\n0,8\u20132,5 mm<\/td>\n0,2\u20130,5 mm<\/td>\n1\u20135 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Procesn\u00ed teplota<\/td>\n900\u2013950 \u00b0C<\/td>\n500\u2013580 \u00b0C<\/td>\n850\u20131 000 \u00b0C (pouze povrch)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zkreslen\u00ed<\/td>\nSt\u0159edn\u00ed (vy\u017eaduje jemn\u00e9 brou\u0161en\u00ed)<\/td>\nMinim\u00e1ln\u00ed (mlet\u00ed \u010dasto zbyte\u010dn\u00e9)<\/td>\nSt\u0159edn\u00ed a\u017e vysok\u00e1 (lok\u00e1ln\u00ed vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Doba zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\n4\u201324 hodin + kalen\u00ed + popou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/td>\n10\u201380 hodin<\/td>\nSekundy a\u017e minuty na zub<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nejlep\u0161\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed<\/td>\nKu\u017eelov\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola, \u010deln\u00ed ozuben\u00e1 kola, vysokoz\u00e1t\u011b\u017eov\u00e1 v\u00fdvodov\u00e1 kola<\/td>\n\u0160nekov\u00e9 p\u0159evody, p\u0159esn\u00e9 pohony<\/td>\nVelk\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola, n\u00e1hradn\u00ed d\u00edly, h\u0159\u00eddele<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Pro t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd provoz zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka<\/strong> Pou\u017eit\u00ed \u2013 rota\u010dn\u00ed \u0159eza\u010dky, lisy na bal\u00edky, kultiv\u00e1tory, pohony kombajn\u016f \u2013 je doporu\u010den\u00fdm procesem cementace. Zaji\u0161\u0165uje nejhlub\u0161\u00ed povrchovou \u00fapravu s nejlep\u0161\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hou mezi tvrdost\u00ed povrchu a hou\u017eevnatost\u00ed j\u00e1dra a povinn\u00e9 jemn\u00e9 brou\u0161en\u00ed po cementaci vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed p\u0159esnou geometrii zub\u016f pot\u0159ebnou pro tich\u00fd a efektivn\u00ed provoz. Induk\u010dn\u00ed kalen\u00ed je praktickou alternativou pro velk\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola, kde je velikost pece pro plnou cementaci omezen\u00edm, a pro n\u00e1hradn\u00ed ozuben\u00e1 kola vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e1 v mal\u00fdch s\u00e9ri\u00edch, kde jsou n\u00e1klady na kus specializovan\u00e9ho cyklu cementace ne\u00fanosn\u00e9. Nitridace je vyhrazena pro aplikace s p\u0159esn\u00fdmi a \u0161nekov\u00fdmi p\u0159evody, kde je prioritou rozm\u011brov\u00e1 stabilita po o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kalen\u00e9 vs. cementovan\u00e9: Pro\u010d je rozd\u00edl d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd<\/h2>\n

Kalen\u00ed v objemu (naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 tak\u00e9 kalen\u00ed v hmot\u011b) zah\u0159eje cel\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo na austenitiza\u010dn\u00ed teplotu a kalen\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se dos\u00e1hne rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 tvrdosti v cel\u00e9m pr\u016f\u0159ezu \u2013 obvykle 28 a\u017e 38 HRC. Kalen\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola jsou levn\u00e1 na v\u00fdrobu, proto\u017ee proces je jednoduch\u00fd a nevy\u017eaduje \u017e\u00e1dnou specializovanou atmosf\u00e9rickou pec ani n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 brou\u0161en\u00ed. Jsou vhodn\u00e1 pro aplikace s n\u00edzk\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm a n\u00edzk\u00fdm po\u010dtem hodin, kde je ozuben\u00e9 kolo v podstat\u011b opot\u0159ebiteln\u00fdm d\u00edlem, kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba pravideln\u011b vym\u011b\u0148ovat.<\/p>\n

Cementovan\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola \u2013 vyroben\u00e1 cementac\u00ed, nitridac\u00ed nebo induk\u010dn\u00edm kalen\u00edm \u2013 maj\u00ed tvrd\u00fd povrch nad hou\u017eevnat\u00fdm j\u00e1drem, jak je pops\u00e1no v p\u0159edchoz\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech. Rozd\u00edl ve v\u00fdkonu mezi kalen\u00fdmi a cementovan\u00fdmi ozuben\u00fdmi koly je za zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch podm\u00ednek zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed dramatick\u00fd. Kalen\u00e9 \u010deln\u00ed kolo s tvrdost\u00ed 32 HRC vyvine viditeln\u00e9 povrchov\u00e9 korozivn\u00ed korozi po 500 a\u017e 1 000 hodin\u00e1ch provozu p\u0159i m\u00edrn\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Cementovan\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo s tvrdost\u00ed povrchu 60 HRC m\u016f\u017ee ve stejn\u00e9 aplikaci pracovat 5 000 a\u017e 10 000 hodin, ne\u017e se vyvine ekvivalentn\u00ed korozivn\u00ed korozi \u2013 co\u017e je 5 a\u017e 10n\u00e1sobn\u00fd rozd\u00edl v trvanlivosti povrchu, kter\u00fd je zcela p\u0159i\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n procesu tepeln\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento \u0159\u00e1dov\u00fd rozd\u00edl v \u017eivotnosti vysv\u011btluje, pro\u010d je specifikace cementovan\u00e9ho ozuben\u00e9ho kola nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm pro jakoukoli p\u0159evodovku s v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem ur\u010denou pro profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 je i v\u00fdhoda cementovan\u011b kalen\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol v oblasti \u00fanavy v ohybu. Zbytkov\u00e9 tlakov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed vyvolan\u00e9 v kalen\u00e9m pouzd\u0159e procesem kalen\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00ed jako p\u0159edp\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u016fsob\u00ed proti tahov\u00e9mu ohybov\u00e9mu nap\u011bt\u00ed v pat\u011b zubu b\u011bhem zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Toto zbytkov\u00e9 tlakov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b zvy\u0161uje \u00fanavovou pevnost zubu ozuben\u00e9ho kola v ohybu o 30 a\u017e 50 procent ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s kalen\u00fdm ozuben\u00fdm kolem se stejnou geometri\u00ed a tvrdost\u00ed paty. Pro jakoukoli p\u0159evodovku PTO pracuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 hodin za sez\u00f3nu p\u0159i st\u0159edn\u00edm a\u017e vysok\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jsou cementovan\u011b kalen\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola jedinou in\u017een\u00fdrsky od\u016fvodn\u011bnou specifikac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed deformac\u00ed: Skryt\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n

Deformace zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 tepeln\u00fdm zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm \u2013 rozm\u011brov\u00e9 a tvarov\u00e9 zm\u011bny zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 tepeln\u00fdmi gradienty a f\u00e1zov\u00fdmi transformacemi b\u011bhem oh\u0159evu a kalen\u00ed \u2013 jsou hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdzvou p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b tepeln\u011b zpracovan\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol. Cementovan\u00fd spir\u00e1lov\u00fd ku\u017eelov\u00fd pastorek se m\u016f\u017ee b\u011bhem kalen\u00ed deformovat o 0,05\u20130,15 mm v profilu zubu a o 0,02\u20130,08 mm ve stoup\u00e1n\u00ed (zarovn\u00e1n\u00ed zubu pod\u00e9l \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky \u010deln\u00ed plochy). Tato deformace, pokud nejsou korigov\u00e1na, zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed koncentrovan\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na jednu oblast \u010deln\u00ed plochy zubu, co\u017e vede k p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9mu d\u016flkov\u00e1n\u00ed, nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu hluku a zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed \u017eivotnosti ozuben\u00e9ho kola. Velikost deformace se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na geometrii ozuben\u00e9ho kola, slo\u017een\u00ed oceli, rovnom\u011brnosti pece a z\u00e1va\u017enosti kalen\u00ed \u2013 co\u017e z predikce a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed deformace \u010din\u00ed slo\u017eitou in\u017een\u00fdrskou discipl\u00ednu, kter\u00e1 odd\u011bluje v\u00fdrobce kvalitn\u00edch ozuben\u00fdch kol od komoditn\u00edch v\u00fdrobc\u016f.<\/p>\n

Kvalitn\u00ed P\u0159evodovka PTO<\/a> V\u00fdrobci zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed deformaci kombinac\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed procesu a korekce po \u00faprav\u011b. Symetrick\u00e1 konstrukce polotovaru ozuben\u00e9ho kola minimalizuje teplotn\u00ed gradienty b\u011bhem oh\u0159evu a kalen\u00ed. \u0158\u00edzen\u00e9 kalen\u00ed \u2013 pomoc\u00ed kalen\u00ed v lisu (kalen\u00ed v up\u00ednac\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpravku, kter\u00fd omezuje deformaci), kalen\u00ed v plynu (pomalej\u0161\u00ed a rovnom\u011brn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chlazen\u00ed p\u0159i vakuov\u00e9 cementaci) nebo markingov\u00e9ho kalen\u00ed (udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed kalen\u00ed na st\u0159edn\u00ed teplot\u011b p\u0159ed kone\u010dn\u00fdm ochlazen\u00edm) \u2013 sni\u017euje deformaci o 40\u2013601 TP3T ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s neomezen\u00fdm kalen\u00edm v oleji. Jemn\u00e9 brou\u0161en\u00ed po \u00faprav\u011b odstra\u0148uje zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed deformaci a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed kone\u010dnou geometrii zubu s p\u0159esnost\u00ed AGMA Quality 10\u201312.<\/p>\n

Ekonomick\u00fd dopad regulace deformace je v\u00fdznamn\u00fd. V\u00fdrobce, kter\u00fd po cementaci vynech\u00e1 jemn\u00e9 brou\u0161en\u00ed, u\u0161et\u0159\u00ed $10\u201320 na ka\u017ed\u00fd ozuben\u00fd p\u0159evod na n\u00e1kladech na obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed, ale dod\u00e1 ozuben\u00e9 kolo s deformac\u00ed profilu 0,05\u20130,15 mm, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje koncentrovan\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, hluk a p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u00e1klady na brou\u0161en\u00ed tvo\u0159\u00ed mal\u00fd zlomek celkov\u00e9 hodnoty p\u0159evodovky a je\u0161t\u011b men\u0161\u00ed zlomek n\u00e1klad\u016f na prostoje stroje, kdy\u017e se \u0161patn\u011b opracovan\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo v polovin\u011b sez\u00f3ny porouch\u00e1. Proto jsou v\u00fdrobci, kte\u0159\u00ed si kladou za c\u00edl kvalitu, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad P\u0159evodovka Ever-Power PTO<\/a> zahr\u0148te jemn\u00e9 brou\u0161en\u00ed jako standardn\u00ed krok p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b v\u0161ech cementovan\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol, nikoli jako voliteln\u00fd upgrade. Pro spolehliv\u00e9 V\u00fdvodov\u00fd h\u0159\u00eddel<\/a> a zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka<\/a> \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed s ov\u011b\u0159enou kvalitou tepeln\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00e1\u0161 technick\u00fd t\u00fdm m\u016f\u017ee na vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed poskytnout kompletn\u00ed metalurgickou dokumentaci.<\/p>\n

\"D\u00edlna<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n
\n
\nJak\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed je nejlep\u0161\u00ed pro ozuben\u00e1 kola p\u0159evodovky PTO?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

Cementace je doporu\u010den\u00fd proces pro v\u011bt\u0161inu ozuben\u00fdch kol p\u0159evodovek zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch v\u00fdvodov\u00fdch h\u0159\u00eddel\u00ed. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed kombinaci povrchov\u00e9 tvrdosti 58\u201363 HRC pro odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed a hou\u017eevnatosti j\u00e1dra 30\u201342 HRC pro absorpci n\u00e1raz\u016f. Hloubka pouzdra 0,8\u20131,5 mm podporuje vysok\u00e1 Hertzova kontaktn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u011bhem provozu na poli, zat\u00edmco hou\u017eevnat\u00e9 j\u00e1dro zabra\u0148uje k\u0159ehk\u00e9mu lomu p\u0159i r\u00e1zov\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nJak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi cementac\u00ed a nitridac\u00ed?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

Cementace difunduje uhl\u00edk do oceli p\u0159i 900\u2013950 \u00b0C, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 0,8\u20132,5 mm n\u00e1var s tvrdost\u00ed 58\u201363 HRC. Nitridace difunduje dus\u00edk p\u0159i 500\u2013580 \u00b0C, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 0,2\u20130,5 mm n\u00e1var s tvrdost\u00ed 65\u201372 HRC. Nitridace vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tvrd\u0161\u00ed povrchy s men\u0161\u00ed deformac\u00ed, ale mnohem ten\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1vary. Cementace je preferov\u00e1na pro zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u0159evody s vysok\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm; nitridace je preferov\u00e1na pro p\u0159esn\u00e1 p\u0159evodovky a \u0161nekov\u00e9 pohony, kde je rozm\u011brov\u00e1 stabilita kritick\u00e1.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nJak hluboko by m\u011blo b\u00fdt kalen\u00e9 pouzdro na p\u0159evodu?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

U cementovan\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch p\u0159evodovek PTO s modulem 4\u20138 je c\u00edlov\u00e1 efektivn\u00ed hloubka pouzdra (m\u011b\u0159eno na 50 HRC) typicky 0,8 a\u017e 1,5 mm \u2013 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10\u2013151 TP3T tlou\u0161\u0165ky zubu na rozte\u010dn\u00e9 linii. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u011blk\u00e1 hloubka pouzdra nem\u016f\u017ee un\u00e9st kontaktn\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed; p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hlubok\u00e1 hloubka pouzdra p\u0159i n\u00e1razu k\u0159ehne. Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed hloubka pouzdra by m\u011bla b\u00fdt vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1na na z\u00e1klad\u011b modulu ozuben\u00e9ho kola, kontaktn\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed a o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9ho r\u00e1zov\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pro ka\u017edou aplikaci.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nMohu zjistit, zda je ozuben\u00e9 kolo spr\u00e1vn\u011b tepeln\u011b zpracovan\u00e9?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

Nejdostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ov\u011b\u0159en\u00edm je zkou\u0161ka tvrdosti. Tvrdom\u011br Rockwell C na boku zubu by m\u011bl u cementovan\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol nam\u011b\u0159it 58\u201363 HRC a u induk\u010dn\u011b kalen\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol 50\u201360 HRC. M\u011bkk\u00e9, neo\u0161et\u0159en\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo m\u00e1 tvrdost 25\u201335 HRC a p\u0159i zkou\u0161ce piln\u00edkem na tvrdost bude vykazovat viditelnou stopu po pilov\u00e1n\u00ed. Odborn\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zahrnuje metalografick\u00e9 zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016f\u0159ezu (k m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed hloubky pouzdra a kvality mikrostruktury) a pr\u016f\u0159ezov\u00e9 zkou\u0161en\u00ed mikrotvrdosti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nPro\u010d levn\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky selh\u00e1vaj\u00ed rychleji?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

Nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f u levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159evodovek je \u00fapln\u00e9 vylou\u010den\u00ed cementace \u2013 pou\u017eit\u00ed kalen\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol s tvrdost\u00ed 28\u201335 HRC nam\u00edsto cementovan\u00fdch ozuben\u00fdch kol s tvrdost\u00ed 58\u201363 HRC. Kalen\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola jsou na v\u00fdrobu o 30\u201350% levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale p\u0159i zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9m r\u00e1zov\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed se u nich b\u011bhem prvn\u00ed sez\u00f3ny objev\u00ed viditeln\u00e9 d\u016flky a b\u011bhem dvou a\u017e t\u0159\u00ed sez\u00f3n se u nich p\u0159i r\u00e1zov\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vytvo\u0159\u00ed praskliny zub\u016f. P\u0159evodovka m\u016f\u017ee navenek vypadat identicky, ale skute\u010dnou \u017eivotnost ur\u010duje vnit\u0159n\u00ed metalurgie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nK \u010demu se v p\u0159evodovk\u00e1ch pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 induk\u010dn\u00ed kalen\u00ed?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

Induk\u010dn\u00ed kalen\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro velk\u00e1 ozuben\u00e1 kola, kter\u00e1 jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e1 pro standardn\u00ed cementa\u010dn\u00ed pece, pro h\u0159\u00eddele a lo\u017eiskov\u00e9 \u010depy, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 kalen\u00ed, a pro n\u00e1hradn\u00ed ozuben\u00e1 kola vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e1 v mal\u00fdch s\u00e9ri\u00edch, kde by n\u00e1klady na kus specializovan\u00e9ho cementa\u010dn\u00edho cyklu byly ne\u00fanosn\u00e9. Dosahuje povrchov\u00e9 tvrdosti 50\u201360 HRC b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika sekund a\u017e minut, ale s o n\u011bco m\u00e9n\u011b rovnom\u011brnou hloubkou pouzdra ne\u017e cementace.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Z\u00edskejte technickou podporu do 24 hodin<\/h2>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 kolo p\u0159evodovky PTO, kter\u00e9 vyr\u00e1b\u00edme, proch\u00e1z\u00ed zdokumentovan\u00fdm tepeln\u00fdm zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm s ov\u011b\u0159enou hloubkou pouzdra, tvrdost\u00ed povrchu a hou\u017eevnatost\u00ed j\u00e1dra \u2013 metalurgick\u00e9 testovac\u00ed protokoly jsou k dispozici na vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. Od cementovan\u00fdch spir\u00e1lov\u00fdch ku\u017eelov\u00fdch kol a\u017e po nitridovan\u00e1 \u0161nekov\u00e1 kola, na\u0161e procesy tepeln\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016fm va\u0161eho konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kontaktujte na\u0161e in\u017een\u00fdry<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gear Heat Treatment: Carburizing, Nitriding & Hardening The performance ceiling of any gear \u2014 its maximum load capacity, fatigue life, and wear resistance \u2014 is set by its heat treatment process. Two gears machined from the same steel billet to identical dimensions will deliver radically different service lives depending on whether they are through-hardened, case-carburized, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4042],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1277","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-agricultural-gearbox"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1277"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1281,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277\/revisions\/1281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}