{"id":1228,"date":"2026-05-20T06:11:51","date_gmt":"2026-05-20T06:11:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/?p=1228"},"modified":"2026-05-20T06:11:51","modified_gmt":"2026-05-20T06:11:51","slug":"hydraulic-pto-gearbox-speed-increaser-for-pumps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/hydraulic-pto-gearbox-speed-increaser-for-pumps\/","title":{"rendered":"Hydraulick\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka PTO a zvy\u0161ova\u010d ot\u00e1\u010dek pro \u010derpadla"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Hydraulick\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka PTO a zvy\u0161ova\u010d ot\u00e1\u010dek pro \u010derpadla<\/h1>\n

Pokud traktor pot\u0159ebuje poh\u00e1n\u011bt hydraulick\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje pr\u016ftoky nebo tlaky nad r\u00e1mec toho, co dok\u00e1\u017ee palubn\u00ed okruh dodat, \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy je hydraulick\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele \u2013 p\u0159evodovka, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele 540 nebo 1 000 ot.\/min na vstupn\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 k provozu \u010derpadla 2 000 ot.\/min a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Z\u00edskejte technickou podporu<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Pro\u010d samotn\u00e1 hydraulika traktoru nesta\u010d\u00ed<\/h2>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina modern\u00edch traktor\u016f je dod\u00e1v\u00e1na s integrovan\u00fdm hydraulick\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem \u2013 \u010derpadlem poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdm motorem p\u0159es p\u0159evodovku, kter\u00e9 nap\u00e1j\u00ed d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 spojky vzadu nebo uprost\u0159ed traktoru. Tyto okruhy obvykle dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed 30 a\u017e 80 litr\u016f za minutu p\u0159i provozn\u00edm tlaku 170 a\u017e 210 bar\u016f, co\u017e sta\u010d\u00ed ke zvednut\u00ed t\u0159\u00edbodov\u00e9ho z\u00e1v\u011bsu, pohonu \u010deln\u00edho naklada\u010de nebo ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dvojice dvoj\u010dinn\u00fdch v\u00e1lc\u016f na n\u00e1stroji pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy. Jakmile v\u0161ak n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed vy\u017eaduje nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fd hydraulick\u00fd v\u00fdkon s vysok\u00fdm pr\u016ftokem \u2013 \u0161t\u00edpa\u010dky d\u0159eva s v\u00fdkonem p\u0159es 100 l\/min, vysava\u010de velk\u00fdch obil\u00ed, n\u016f\u017eky na stromy, mobiln\u00ed betonov\u00e1 \u010derpadla nebo vysokokapacitn\u00ed post\u0159ikova\u010de plodin \u2013 integrovan\u00fd okruh dosahuje sv\u00fdch limit\u016f.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm omezen\u00edm je objemov\u00fd pr\u016ftok. \u010cerpadlo poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 motorem traktoru je dimenzov\u00e1no pro p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00fd provoz a je sd\u00edleno mezi v\u00edce okruhy. Odveden\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho dostupn\u00e9ho pr\u016ftoku do jednoho n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed vy\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1 okruhy \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, brzd\u011bn\u00ed a maz\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159evodovky, kter\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na stejn\u00e9m \u010derpadle. V\u00fdsledkem je v nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pomal\u00e1 odezva \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v nejhor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bezpe\u010dnostn\u011b kritick\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta hydraulick\u00e9ho brzdov\u00e9ho posilova\u010de u traktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na hydrostatick\u00e9 brzdov\u00e9 okruhy.<\/p>\n

Hydraulick\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka PTO \u0159e\u0161\u00ed tento probl\u00e9m vytvo\u0159en\u00edm zcela nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho hydraulick\u00e9ho okruhu. Kloubov\u00fd h\u0159\u00eddel poh\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159evodovka se zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed rychlost\u00ed<\/a> kter\u00fd rozt\u00e1\u010d\u00ed specializovan\u00e9 hydraulick\u00e9 \u010derpadlo spr\u00e1vnou vstupn\u00ed rychlost\u00ed. Toto \u010derpadlo m\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017e, vlastn\u00ed filtr, vlastn\u00ed p\u0159etlakov\u00fd ventil a vlastn\u00ed sadu hadic vedouc\u00edch k n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed. Palubn\u00ed hydraulick\u00fd syst\u00e9m traktoru z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nedot\u010den \u2013 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, brzdy, z\u00e1v\u011bs a naklada\u010d funguj\u00ed stejn\u011b jako bez p\u0159ipojen\u00e9ho n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"P\u0159ehled<\/div>\n

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Jak funguje zvy\u0161ova\u010d rychlosti hydraulick\u00fdch \u010derpadel<\/h2>\n

Zvy\u0161ova\u010d ot\u00e1\u010dek je mechanickou inverz\u00ed reduktoru. Zat\u00edmco reduktor p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed vysokorychlostn\u00ed vstup s n\u00edzk\u00fdm to\u010div\u00fdm momentem na n\u00edzkorychlostn\u00ed v\u00fdstup s vysok\u00fdm to\u010div\u00fdm momentem, zvy\u0161ova\u010d ot\u00e1\u010dek d\u011bl\u00e1 opak: p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 relativn\u011b pomal\u00e9 ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele \u2013 540 ot\/min u traktor\u016f kategorie I a II nebo 1 000 ot\/min u stroj\u016f kategorie III a v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u2013 a vyn\u00e1sob\u00ed je na rozsah 1 500 a\u017e 3 000 ot\/min, kter\u00fd zubov\u00e1 a p\u00edstov\u00e1 hydraulick\u00e1 \u010derpadla vy\u017eaduj\u00ed pro efektivn\u00ed provoz.<\/p>\n

Ozuben\u00e9 soukol\u00ed uvnit\u0159 p\u0159evodovky s p\u0159evodovkou s p\u0159evodovkou PTO obvykle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jednu ze t\u0159\u00ed konfigurac\u00ed. Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed je jeden stupe\u0148 s \u010deln\u00edm ozuben\u00fdm kolem, kde mal\u00e9 hnac\u00ed kolo na vstupn\u00edm h\u0159\u00eddeli PTO zab\u00edr\u00e1 s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm hnan\u00fdm ozuben\u00fdm kolem na p\u0159edlohov\u00e9m h\u0159\u00eddeli, a pot\u00e9 druh\u00e9 mal\u00e9 kolo na tomto p\u0159edlohov\u00e9m h\u0159\u00eddeli poh\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdstup. Toto dvoustup\u0148ov\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s \u010deln\u00edm ozuben\u00fdm kolem m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout p\u0159evodov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f od 1:2 do 1:4 v kompaktn\u00edm proveden\u00ed, ale generuje v\u00edce hluku a vibrac\u00ed ne\u017e alternativy se \u0161roubovicov\u00fdm ozuben\u00fdm kolem, proto\u017ee zuby \u010deln\u00edch ozuben\u00fdch kol zab\u00edraj\u00ed a vyp\u00ednaj\u00ed se sou\u010dasn\u011b po cel\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce sv\u00e9 \u010deln\u00ed plochy.<\/p>\n

\u0160roubov\u00e9 ozuben\u00e9 p\u0159evody pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed zuby \u0159ezan\u00e9 pod \u00fahlem k ose ozuben\u00e9ho kola, tak\u017ee z\u00e1b\u011br se postupn\u011b rozprost\u00edr\u00e1 po cel\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce \u010dela, nikoli najednou. To vede k plynulej\u0161\u00edmu p\u0159enosu to\u010div\u00e9ho momentu, ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed hlu\u010dnosti a del\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotnosti zub\u016f v aplikac\u00edch s nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fdm provozem pohonu \u010derpadel. Axi\u00e1ln\u00ed axi\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edla, kterou spir\u00e1lov\u00e9 ozuben\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, je \u0159\u00edzena ku\u017eel\u00edkov\u00fdmi lo\u017eisky na ka\u017ed\u00e9m konci v\u00fdstupn\u00edho h\u0159\u00eddele \u2013 co\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd detail p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru lo\u017eiska, kter\u00fd odli\u0161uje komer\u010dn\u00ed ozuben\u00e9 p\u0159evody od levn\u00e9ho dovozu, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed kuli\u010dkov\u00e1 lo\u017eiska s hlubokou dr\u00e1\u017ekou a p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b selh\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159i axi\u00e1ln\u00edm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

T\u0159et\u00ed konfigurace je planetov\u00e1. Planetov\u00fd p\u0159evodn\u00edk blokuje ozuben\u00fd v\u011bnec, poh\u00e1n\u00ed una\u0161e\u010d planetov\u00fdch kol z v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele a odeb\u00edr\u00e1 vysokorychlostn\u00ed v\u00fdstup z centr\u00e1ln\u00edho kola. Planetov\u00e9 jednotky dosahuj\u00ed vysok\u00fdch p\u0159evodov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f \u2013 a\u017e 1:6 \u2013 p\u0159i velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 axi\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lce, co\u017e je \u010din\u00ed vhodn\u00fdmi pro instalace s omezen\u00fdm prostorem mezi \u010depem v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele a \u010derpadlem. Tak\u00e9 rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed mezi v\u00edce planetov\u00fdch kol (obvykle t\u0159i nebo \u010dty\u0159i), co\u017e sni\u017euje nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch zub\u016f a zvy\u0161uje trval\u00fd to\u010div\u00fd moment p\u0159evodovky v pom\u011bru k jej\u00ed fyzick\u00e9 velikosti.<\/p>\n

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\u2699\ufe0f Pravidlo pro v\u00fdb\u011br pom\u011bru rychlost\u00ed<\/p>\n

Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159evodov\u00fd pom\u011br z\u00edsk\u00e1te vyd\u011blen\u00edm jmenovit\u00fdch vstupn\u00edch ot\u00e1\u010dek \u010derpadla ot\u00e1\u010dkami v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele. P\u0159\u00edklad: zubov\u00e9 \u010derpadlo s ot\u00e1\u010dkami 2 500 ot.\/min a v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem s ot\u00e1\u010dkami 540 ot.\/min vy\u017eaduje p\u0159evod alespo\u0148 1:4,63. Zaokrouhlete na nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed dostupn\u00fd komer\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159evodov\u00fd pom\u011br \u2013 v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b 1:5 \u2013 abyste zajistili, \u017ee \u010derpadlo dos\u00e1hne pln\u00e9ho objemov\u00e9ho objemu bez p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dek v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele. P\u0159ed kone\u010dn\u00fdm stanoven\u00edm p\u0159evodov\u00e9ho pom\u011bru p\u0159evodovky v\u017edy ov\u011b\u0159te maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed povolen\u00e9 vstupn\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky od v\u00fdrobce \u010derpadla.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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V\u00fdpo\u010dty pom\u011bru pohonu \u010derpadla<\/h2>\n

V\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho p\u0159evodov\u00e9ho pom\u011bru pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dek vy\u017eaduje slad\u011bn\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed prom\u011bnn\u00fdch: v\u00fdstupn\u00edch ot\u00e1\u010dek v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele traktoru, jmenovit\u00fdch vstupn\u00edch ot\u00e1\u010dek hydraulick\u00e9ho \u010derpadla a po\u017eadavk\u016f na pr\u016ftok a tlak n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed. Chybn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br vede bu\u010f k nedostate\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdkonn\u00e9mu hydraulick\u00e9mu okruhu (p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzk\u00fd p\u0159evodov\u00fd pom\u011br, \u010derpadlo se ot\u00e1\u010d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pomalu pro dosa\u017een\u00ed jmenovit\u00e9ho pr\u016ftoku), nebo ke katastrofick\u00e9mu selh\u00e1n\u00ed \u010derpadla (p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00fd p\u0159evodov\u00fd pom\u011br, p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dek a kavitace \u010derpadla).<\/p>\n

Za\u010dn\u011bte se specifikac\u00ed v\u00fdtlaku \u010derpadla, vyj\u00e1d\u0159enou v krychlov\u00fdch centimetrech na ot\u00e1\u010dku (cm\u00b3\/ot). Vyn\u00e1sobte v\u00fdtlak c\u00edlov\u00fdmi ot\u00e1\u010dkami v\u00fdstupn\u00edho h\u0159\u00eddele a vyd\u011blte 1 000, abyste z\u00edskali teoretick\u00fd pr\u016ftok v litrech za minutu. Pot\u00e9 pou\u017eijte objemov\u00fd faktor \u00fa\u010dinnosti \u2013 obvykle 0,90 a\u017e 0,95 u nov\u00fdch zubov\u00fdch \u010derpadel, 0,92 a\u017e 0,97 u p\u00edstov\u00fdch \u010derpadel \u2013 abyste z\u00edskali skute\u010dn\u00fd dod\u00e1van\u00fd pr\u016ftok. Pokud tento skute\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016ftok spl\u0148uje nebo m\u00edrn\u011b p\u0159ekra\u010duje po\u017eadavek za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, je pom\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je i po\u017eadavek na vstupn\u00ed v\u00fdkon. Hydraulick\u00fd v\u00fdkon v kilowattech se rovn\u00e1 pr\u016ftoku (l\/min) vyn\u00e1soben\u00e9mu tlakem (bar) d\u011blen\u00e9mu 600. Syst\u00e9m dod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed 80 l\/min p\u0159i 200 barech vy\u017eaduje vstupn\u00ed v\u00fdkon 26,7 kW. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee p\u0159evodovka v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty \u2013 obvykle 3% a\u017e 6% u p\u0159evodovky se spir\u00e1lov\u00fdm ozuben\u00fdm kolem, 5% a\u017e 10% u planetov\u00e9 jednotky \u2013 skute\u010dn\u00fd po\u017eadavek na v\u00fdkon v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele se v tomto p\u0159\u00edkladu zvy\u0161uje na zhruba 28 a\u017e 30 kW. Traktor mus\u00ed m\u00edt p\u0159i regulovan\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1ch motoru k dispozici alespo\u0148 tento v\u00fdkon v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele s bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed rezervou 10% a\u017e 15% pro p\u0159echodn\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ot\u00e1\u010dky v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele<\/th>\nP\u0159evodov\u00fd pom\u011br<\/th>\nV\u00fdstupn\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky<\/th>\nTyp \u010derpadla<\/th>\nTypick\u00fd pr\u016ftok (l\/min)<\/th>\nNejlep\u0161\u00ed aplikace<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
540 ot.\/min<\/td>\n1:2<\/td>\n1,080<\/td>\nZubov\u00e9 \u010derpadlo<\/td>\n20\u201340<\/td>\nLehk\u00e9 hydraulick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed, \u0161t\u00edpa\u010dky d\u0159eva<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
540 ot.\/min<\/td>\n1:3<\/td>\n1,620<\/td>\nZubov\u00e9 nebo lamelov\u00e9 \u010derpadlo<\/td>\n40\u201365<\/td>\n\u0158idi\u010di po\u0161ty, st\u0159edn\u00ed post\u0159ikova\u010di<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
540 ot.\/min<\/td>\n1:4.5<\/td>\n2,430<\/td>\nP\u00edstov\u00e9 \u010derpadlo<\/td>\n60\u2013100<\/td>\nVysava\u010de obil\u00ed, n\u016f\u017eky na stromy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 000 ot.\/min<\/td>\n1:2<\/td>\n2,000<\/td>\nZubov\u00e9 nebo p\u00edstov\u00e9 \u010derpadlo<\/td>\n50\u201390<\/td>\nVysokokapacitn\u00ed post\u0159ikova\u010de, mobiln\u00ed m\u00edcha\u010dky<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 000 ot.\/min<\/td>\n1:3<\/td>\n3,000<\/td>\nVysokorychlostn\u00ed p\u00edstov\u00e9 \u010derpadlo<\/td>\n90\u2013150+<\/td>\n\u010cerpadla na beton, velk\u00e9 drti\u010de d\u0159eva<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Jednou z chyb, kter\u00e1 se v ter\u00e9nu \u010dasto vyskytuje, je kombinace v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele s ot\u00e1\u010dkami 540 ot.\/min. s p\u0159evodov\u00fdm stupn\u011bm s vysok\u00fdm p\u0159evodov\u00fdm pom\u011brem pro dosa\u017een\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dek \u010derpadla nad 3 000 ot.\/min. I kdy\u017e je to matematicky mo\u017en\u00e9 (pom\u011br 1:6 p\u0159i 540 ot.\/min. d\u00e1v\u00e1 3 240 ot.\/min.), n\u00e1soben\u00ed to\u010div\u00e9ho momentu na vstupu v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele se st\u00e1v\u00e1 extr\u00e9mn\u00edm \u2013 vstupn\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddel p\u0159evodovky mus\u00ed p\u0159i 540 ot.\/min. absorbovat pln\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed syst\u00e9mu, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 velmi vysok\u00fd to\u010div\u00fd moment pro danou \u00farove\u0148 v\u00fdkonu. Slab\u00fdm \u010dl\u00e1nkem se st\u00e1v\u00e1 dr\u00e1\u017ekovan\u00e9 spojen\u00ed mezi \u010depem v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele a vstupn\u00edm h\u0159\u00eddelem p\u0159evodovky. V\u00fdvodov\u00fd h\u0159\u00eddel s ot\u00e1\u010dkami 1 000 ot.\/min., kter\u00fd poskytuje stejn\u00fd v\u00fdkon, tak \u010din\u00ed p\u0159i zhruba polovi\u010dn\u00edm to\u010div\u00e9m momentu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed sni\u017euje na polovinu. Pro vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 hydraulick\u00e9 aplikace s v\u00fdkonem nad p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 30 kW se d\u016frazn\u011b doporu\u010duje v\u00fdvodov\u00fd h\u0159\u00eddel s ot\u00e1\u010dkami 1 000 ot.\/min.<\/p>\n

\n
\"Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed<\/div>\n

P\u0159evodovka s funkc\u00ed zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dek v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele \u2013 kompaktn\u00ed konstrukce pro p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k p\u0159\u00edrub\u00e1m hydraulick\u00e9ho \u010derpadla<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Vztahy mezi pr\u016ftokem, tlakem a v\u00fdstupn\u00ed rychlost\u00ed p\u0159evodovky<\/h2>\n

Hydraulick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edm vztahem: pr\u016ftok ur\u010duje rychlost pohonu, zat\u00edmco tlak ur\u010duje s\u00edlu pohonu. V\u00e1lec, kter\u00fd se prodlu\u017euje danou rychlost\u00ed, pot\u0159ebuje ur\u010dit\u00fd po\u010det litr\u016f za minutu, aby se naplnil; zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tohoto v\u00e1lce ur\u010duje tlak, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed \u010derpadlo generovat. Hydraulick\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka PTO se na tento vztah vztahuje prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00fdch v\u00fdstupn\u00edch ot\u00e1\u010dek, proto\u017ee pr\u016ftok \u010derpadla je p\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00fd rychlosti \u010derpadla p\u0159i jak\u00e9mkoli dan\u00e9m objemov\u00e9m objemu.<\/p>\n

Pokud sn\u00ed\u017e\u00edte v\u00fdstupn\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky p\u0159evodovky v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele o 10% \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm ot\u00e1\u010dek motoru z jmenovit\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dek na nastaven\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho plynu \u2013 klesne pr\u016ftok \u010derpadla o stejn\u00fdch 10%. U post\u0159ikova\u010de plodin to znamen\u00e1 o 10% men\u0161\u00ed objem post\u0159iku za minutu. U \u0161t\u00edpa\u010dky polen se v\u00e1lec vysouv\u00e1 pomaleji. Tento line\u00e1rn\u00ed vztah \u010din\u00ed z \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dek v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak jemn\u011b doladit hydraulick\u00fd v\u00fdkon za chodu, ale tak\u00e9 to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jak\u00e1koli zm\u011bna ot\u00e1\u010dek v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele se p\u0159\u00edmo projev\u00ed ve v\u00fdkonu n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tlak je naopak z\u00e1visl\u00fd na zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. \u010cerpadlo generuje takov\u00fd tlak, jak\u00fd syst\u00e9m pot\u0159ebuje, a\u017e do nastaven\u00ed pojistn\u00e9ho ventilu. P\u0159evodovka s v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem neovliv\u0148uje tlak p\u0159\u00edmo \u2013 ovliv\u0148uje pr\u016ftok. Existuje v\u0161ak nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 souvislost: jak tlak v syst\u00e9mu stoup\u00e1 sm\u011brem k nastaven\u00ed pojistn\u00e9ho ventilu, \u010derpadlo vy\u017eaduje od p\u0159evodovky v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vstupn\u00ed to\u010div\u00fd moment. Tento zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd to\u010div\u00fd moment v\u00edce zat\u011b\u017euje lo\u017eiska p\u0159evodovky, ozuben\u00e1 kola a dr\u00e1\u017ekovan\u00e9 spoje. V praxi je hydraulick\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka s v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem, kter\u00e1 provozuje \u010derpadlo na 701 TP3T tlaku pojistn\u00e9ho ventilu, vystavena v\u00fdrazn\u011b men\u0161\u00edmu mechanick\u00e9mu nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e stejn\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka, kter\u00e1 provozuje \u010derpadlo na 1001 TP3T odleh\u010den\u00ed. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 kalibrace pojistn\u00e9ho ventilu je proto faktorem \u017eivotnosti p\u0159evodovky, nikoli pouze hydraulick\u00fdm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Teplota p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed rozm\u011br. Viskozita hydraulick\u00e9ho oleje kles\u00e1 s rostouc\u00ed teplotou, co\u017e sni\u017euje objemovou \u00fa\u010dinnost \u010derpadla a m\u00edrn\u011b zvy\u0161uje vnit\u0159n\u00ed net\u011bsnost. U aplikac\u00ed s dlouh\u00fdm pracovn\u00edm cyklem, jako je kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159eprava obil\u00ed nebo dlouhodob\u00e9 st\u0159\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed strom\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee teplota oleje v nez\u00e1visl\u00e9m hydraulick\u00e9m okruhu vystoupat p\u0159es 80 \u00b0C, pokud je n\u00e1dr\u017e poddimenzovan\u00e1 nebo je chladi\u010d nedostate\u010dn\u00fd. P\u0159i t\u011bchto teplot\u00e1ch se tak\u00e9 sni\u017euje pevnost mazac\u00edho filmu oleje \u2013 a tento olej je obvykle stejn\u00e1 kapalina, kter\u00e1 cirkuluje samotnou p\u0159evodovkou v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele v konstrukc\u00edch s kombinovan\u00fdmi n\u00e1dr\u017eemi. Udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed teploty hydraulick\u00e9ho oleje pod 65 \u00b0C podstatn\u011b prodlu\u017euje \u017eivotnost \u010derpadla i p\u0159evodovky.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Tepeln\u00fd management v nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9m hydraulick\u00e9m provozu<\/h2>\n

Hydraulick\u00e9 aplikace s nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fdm provozem posouvaj\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 limity p\u0159evodovky v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele zp\u016fsobem, jak\u00fdm to u p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e9ho zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed d\u011bl\u00e1 jen z\u0159\u00eddka. V\u00fdvodov\u00fd h\u0159\u00eddel<\/a> Pohon rota\u010dn\u00ed \u0159eza\u010dky p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fd v\u00fdkon pouze b\u011bhem \u0159ezn\u00e9ho kontaktu \u2013 mezi pr\u016fjezdy kles\u00e1 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 na nulu. Hydraulick\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka PTO poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed \u010derpadlo naopak p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdkon po celou dobu hydraulick\u00e9ho provozu, co\u017e mohou b\u00fdt hodiny p\u0159i manipulaci s obil\u00edm nebo post\u0159iku.<\/p>\n

Teplo generovan\u00e9 uvnit\u0159 p\u0159evodovky s p\u0159evodovkou poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze t\u0159\u00ed zdroj\u016f. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl m\u00e1 t\u0159en\u00ed v z\u00e1b\u011bru ozuben\u00fdch kol \u2013 kluzn\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed mezi spojovac\u00edmi zuby ozuben\u00e9ho kola p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje 2% a\u017e 5% p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu na teplo v z\u00e1vislosti na typu ozuben\u00e9ho kola, povrchov\u00e9 \u00faprav\u011b a kvalit\u011b maziva. T\u0159en\u00ed v lo\u017eisku p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00edch 0,5% k 2%, co\u017e se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na typu lo\u017eiska a p\u0159edp\u011bt\u00ed. V\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed oleje \u2013 energie pl\u00fdtvan\u00e1 p\u0159i pr\u016fchodu ozuben\u00fdch kol olejovou l\u00e1zn\u00ed \u2013 m\u016f\u017ee k tomu v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bt, pokud je hladina oleje p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 nebo je viskozita oleje p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 pro danou provozn\u00ed teplotu.<\/p>\n

U p\u0159evodovky, kter\u00e1 nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon 30 kW, se celkov\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed generov\u00e1n\u00ed tepla pohybuje zhruba od 1 kW do 2 kW. Toto teplo mus\u00ed b\u00fdt odv\u00e1d\u011bno p\u0159es sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 p\u0159evodovky do okoln\u00edho vzduchu. Litinov\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed teplo p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bji ne\u017e hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 kv\u016fli vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 hmotnosti litiny, ale hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b funguj\u00ed l\u00e9pe v konvek\u010dn\u00edch chladic\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch d\u00edky sv\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti. V obou p\u0159\u00edpadech ur\u010duje provozn\u00ed teplotu v ust\u00e1len\u00e9m stavu plocha povrchu sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b a proud\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu kolem p\u0159evodovky.<\/p>\n

Instalace, kter\u00e9 uzav\u00edraj\u00ed p\u0159evodovku uvnit\u0159 plechov\u00e9ho ochrann\u00e9ho krytu nebo ji montuj\u00ed do zapu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho prostoru, sni\u017euj\u00ed proud\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu a zachycuj\u00ed teplo. V z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech teplota oleje uvnit\u0159 p\u0159evodovky p\u0159es\u00e1hne 110 \u00b0C \u2013 bod, kdy v\u011bt\u0161ina p\u0159evodov\u00fdch olej\u016f s vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 rychle oxidovat a ztr\u00e1c\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed a p\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed b\u011bhem stovek hodin, nam\u00edsto tis\u00edc\u016f hodin, kter\u00e9 by vydr\u017eely p\u0159i teplot\u011b 70 \u00b0C a\u017e 80 \u00b0C. P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9ho ventil\u00e1torem poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9ho chladi\u010de oleje do zp\u011btn\u00e9ho potrub\u00ed hydraulick\u00e9ho okruhu \u2013 nebo veden\u00ed vratn\u00e9ho oleje p\u0159es vzduchov\u00fd chladi\u010d p\u0159ed vstupem do n\u00e1dr\u017ee \u2013 m\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit provozn\u00ed teploty o 20 \u00b0C a\u017e 30 \u00b0C a zdvojn\u00e1sobit servisn\u00ed interval \u010derpadla i p\u0159evodovky.<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\ud83c\udf21\ufe0f<\/p>\n

Pod 65 \u00b0C \u2013 Optim\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00f3na<\/p>\n

Pln\u011b aktivn\u00ed maz\u00e1n\u00ed olejov\u00fdm filmem. Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed opot\u0159eben\u00ed zub\u016f p\u0159evodovky. T\u011bsnic\u00ed elastomery v r\u00e1mci jmenovit\u00e9ho teplotn\u00edho rozsahu. Interval v\u00fdm\u011bny oleje v maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm doporu\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdrobce.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u26a0\ufe0f<\/p>\n

65 \u00b0C\u201390 \u00b0C \u2013 Pozor, z\u00f3na<\/p>\n

Oxidace oleje se zrychluje. Pokles viskozity sni\u017euje \u00fanosnost. Zkra\u0165te interval v\u00fdm\u011bny oleje na polovinu. Ka\u017ed\u00fdch 200 hodin kontrolujte t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed, zda neztvrdla nebo net\u011bsn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\ud83d\udd34<\/p>\n

Nad 90 \u00b0C \u2013 z\u00f3na po\u0161kozen\u00ed<\/p>\n

Rychl\u00e9 odbour\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed oleje. Taven\u00ed plastick\u00e9ho maziva v ut\u011bsn\u011bn\u00fdch lo\u017eisk\u00e1ch. Karbonizace t\u011bsnic\u00edho b\u0159itu. P\u0159ed dal\u0161\u00edm provozem je nutn\u00e9 okam\u017eit\u00e9 odstaven\u00ed a vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Zubov\u00e9 \u010derpadlo vs. p\u00edstov\u00e9 \u010derpadlo: P\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed typu \u010derpadla p\u0159evodovce<\/h2>\n

Typ hydraulick\u00e9ho \u010derpadla p\u0159i\u0161roubovan\u00e9ho k v\u00fdstupn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrub\u011b p\u0159evodovky ur\u010duje velkou \u010d\u00e1st provozn\u00edho charakteru p\u0159evodovky. Zubov\u00e1 \u010derpadla \u2013 nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed volba pro hydraulick\u00e9 obvody poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem \u2013 jsou konstrukce s vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ozuben\u00edm se dv\u011bma do sebe zab\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edmi \u010deln\u00edmi ozuben\u00fdmi koly uvnit\u0159 sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b s p\u0159esnou toleranc\u00ed. Jsou jednoduch\u00e1, odoln\u00e1 v\u016f\u010di zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, samonas\u00e1vac\u00ed a relativn\u011b levn\u00e1. Jejich pulzace pr\u016ftoku je m\u00edrn\u00e1 a produkuj\u00ed konzistentn\u00ed v\u00fdkon v \u0161irok\u00e9m teplotn\u00edm rozsahu. V\u011bt\u0161ina zubov\u00fdch \u010derpadel pracuje efektivn\u011b mezi 1 200 a 2 800 ot\u00e1\u010dkami za minutu, tak\u017ee standardn\u00edm p\u00e1rem je p\u0159evodovka s p\u0159evodem 1:2 a\u017e 1:4 na v\u00fdvodov\u00e9m h\u0159\u00eddeli s 540 ot\u00e1\u010dkami za minutu.<\/p>\n

Zubov\u00e1 \u010derpadla vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na sv\u00e9m hnac\u00edm h\u0159\u00eddeli, proto\u017ee tlakov\u00fd rozd\u00edl v z\u00e1b\u011bru ozuben\u00fdch kol tla\u010d\u00ed ob\u011b ozuben\u00e1 kola od vysokotlak\u00e9ho v\u00fdtla\u010dn\u00e9ho otvoru. Toto radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159es spojku hnac\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele \u010derpadla do v\u00fdstupn\u00edho lo\u017eiska p\u0159evodovky. Ve vysokotlak\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch (nad 200 bar\u016f trvale) m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tato radi\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edla zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u2013 dostate\u010dn\u00e1 ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u017eivotnosti v\u00fdstupn\u00edho lo\u017eiska o 40% a\u017e 60% ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s vypo\u010d\u00edtanou \u017eivotnost\u00ed zalo\u017eenou pouze na to\u010div\u00e9m momentu. V\u00fdrobci p\u0159evodovek, kte\u0159\u00ed dimenzuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky pro provoz s hydraulick\u00fdm \u010derpadlem, toto dodate\u010dn\u00e9 radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zohled\u0148uj\u00ed; generick\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 jako p\u0159evodovky to obvykle neberou v \u00favahu.<\/p>\n

Axi\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00edstov\u00e1 \u010derpadla p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed vysoce v\u00fdkonnou alternativu. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed rotuj\u00edc\u00ed blok v\u00e1lc\u016f obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed 7 a\u017e 9 p\u00edst\u016f, kter\u00e9 se uvnit\u0159 sv\u00fdch otvor\u016f vratn\u011b pohybuj\u00ed, kdy\u017e se blok nakl\u00e1n\u00ed proti k\u00fdvav\u00e9 desce. P\u00edstov\u00e1 \u010derpadla dosahuj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch tlak\u016f (a\u017e 350 bar\u016f trvale), vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed objemov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti (92% a\u017e 97%) a mohou b\u00fdt s prom\u011bnn\u00fdm v\u00fdtlakem \u2013 co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pr\u016ftok se automaticky p\u0159izp\u016fsobuje popt\u00e1vce zm\u011bnou \u00fahlu k\u00fdvav\u00e9 desky. Tato schopnost prom\u011bnn\u00e9ho v\u00fdtlaku v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed energi\u00ed u aplikac\u00ed s prom\u011bnliv\u00fdmi po\u017eadavky na zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, proto\u017ee \u010derpadlo produkuje pouze pr\u016ftok, kter\u00fd okruh v dan\u00e9m okam\u017eiku pot\u0159ebuje, a neprodukuje p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016ftok p\u0159es pojistn\u00fd ventil jako teplo.<\/p>\n

Vliv p\u00edstov\u00fdch \u010derpadel na p\u0159evodovku se li\u0161\u00ed od zubov\u00fdch \u010derpadel. P\u00edstov\u00e1 \u010derpadla generuj\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hnac\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele, ale vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed torzn\u00ed pulzace, proto\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd zdvih p\u00edstu vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed samostatn\u00fd to\u010div\u00fd moment. S 9 p\u00edsty p\u0159i 2 500 ot\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1ch za minutu p\u0159evodovka zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 375 to\u010div\u00fdch impulz\u016f za sekundu \u2013 vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00ed buzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee rezonovat s frekvencemi z\u00e1b\u011bru ozuben\u00fdch kol a zesilovat vibrace. Zvy\u0161ova\u010de ot\u00e1\u010dek se \u0161ikm\u00fdmi ozuben\u00fdmi koly to zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed l\u00e9pe ne\u017e konstrukce s \u010deln\u00edmi ozuben\u00fdmi koly, proto\u017ee inherentn\u00ed vyhlazovac\u00ed efekt z\u00e1b\u011bru \u0161ikm\u00fdch zub\u016f tlum\u00ed torzn\u00ed pulzace p\u00edstov\u00e9ho \u010derpadla d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e dos\u00e1hne hnac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele.<\/p>\n

\"Zavla\u017eovac\u00ed<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Nejlep\u0161\u00ed postupy instalace pro hydraulick\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky s v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem<\/h2>\n

Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 instalace je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za del\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotnost hydraulick\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky s v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem ne\u017e za vnit\u0159n\u00ed konstrukci p\u0159evodovky. Precizn\u011b vyroben\u00fd zvy\u0161ova\u010d ot\u00e1\u010dek p\u0159i\u0161roubovan\u00fd do nespr\u00e1vn\u011b vyrovnan\u00e9ho mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edho r\u00e1mu s poddimenzovan\u00fdm zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka<\/a> Hnac\u00ed \u00fastroj\u00ed sel\u017ee d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e jednotka st\u0159edn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy instalovan\u00e1 se spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm se\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm a odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed podporou hnac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Hnac\u00ed \u00fastroj\u00ed v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele spojuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dep traktoru se vstupn\u00edm h\u0159\u00eddelem p\u0159evodovky se mus\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsobit vertik\u00e1ln\u00edm a horizont\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fahlov\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m, ke kter\u00fdm doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed traktoru a p\u0159i odr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed na nerovn\u00e9m ter\u00e9nu. Univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed klouby na hnac\u00edm h\u0159\u00eddeli tyto zm\u011bny \u00fahlu zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed, ale ka\u017ed\u00fd kloub zav\u00e1d\u00ed cyklickou zm\u011bnu rychlosti (efekt kardanov\u00e9ho kloubu), kter\u00e1 se zvy\u0161uje s provozn\u00edm \u00fahlem. P\u0159i 10 stupn\u00edch \u00fahlu kloubu je zm\u011bna v\u00fdstupn\u00edch ot\u00e1\u010dek p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,51 TP3T \u2013 sotva znateln\u00e1. P\u0159i 25 stupn\u00edch stoup\u00e1 na v\u00edce ne\u017e 101 TP3T, co\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pulzuj\u00edc\u00ed vstup, kter\u00fd zat\u011b\u017euje vstupn\u00ed lo\u017eiska p\u0159evodovky a ozuben\u00e1 kola dvojn\u00e1sobnou frekvenc\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele. Udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed provozn\u00edch \u00fahl\u016f hnac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed pod 15 stupni \u2013 a ide\u00e1ln\u011b pod 10 stupni \u2013 je nezbytn\u00e9 pro dlouhou \u017eivotnost p\u0159evodovky.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je i spojen\u00ed \u010derpadla s p\u0159evodovkou. V\u011bt\u0161ina instala\u010dn\u00edch mechanism\u016f pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 na v\u00fdstupn\u00ed plo\u0161e pilotn\u00ed rozte\u010d a rozte\u010d \u0161roub\u016f dle normy SAE, kter\u00e9 odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edm p\u0159\u00edrub\u00e1m hydraulick\u00fdch \u010derpadel (SAE A, SAE B nebo SAE C, v z\u00e1vislosti na velikosti \u010derpadla). Hnac\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddel \u010derpadla se p\u0159ipojuje k v\u00fdstupu p\u0159evodovky pomoc\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017ekovan\u00e9 nebo perov\u00e9 spojky. Tato spojka mus\u00ed b\u00fdt instalov\u00e1na se spr\u00e1vnou hloubkou z\u00e1b\u011bru \u2013 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u011blk\u00e1 spojka nedostate\u010dn\u011b zasahuje do dr\u00e1\u017ekovan\u00e9 plochy, co\u017e vede k rychl\u00e9mu opot\u0159eben\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017eek; p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hlubok\u00e1 spojka v\u0161ak dosed\u00e1 na v\u00fdstupn\u00ed lo\u017eisko p\u0159evodovky a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tak axi\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edp\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nebylo zam\u00fd\u0161leno, a urychluje selh\u00e1n\u00ed lo\u017eiska.<\/p>\n

Mont\u00e1\u017e sestavy p\u0159evodovky a \u010derpadla vy\u017eaduje pevn\u00fd r\u00e1m nebo konzolu, kter\u00e1 zabra\u0148uje pohybu vyvolan\u00e9mu vibracemi. Kombinovan\u00e1 hmotnost p\u0159evodovky a p\u00edstov\u00e9ho \u010derpadla m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout 35 a\u017e 60 kg a rotuj\u00edc\u00ed hmota p\u0159i ot\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1ch p\u0159es 2 500 ot.\/min vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed b\u011bhem ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed traktoru gyroskopick\u00e9 s\u00edly, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed sestavu zkroutit z \u00fachytu. Pry\u017eov\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00ed \u00fachyty absorbuj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st vibrac\u00ed, ale mus\u00ed b\u00fdt dostate\u010dn\u011b tuh\u00e9, aby zabr\u00e1nily nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu pohybu \u2013 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u011bkk\u00e9 \u00fachyty umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed kmit\u00e1n\u00ed sestavy, co\u017e unavuje spoje hydraulick\u00fdch hadic a spoje hnac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 aplikace hydraulick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem<\/h2>\n

V\u0161estrannost hydraulick\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky s v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem vych\u00e1z\u00ed ze skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee hydraulick\u00fd v\u00fdkon je nekone\u010dn\u011b d\u011bliteln\u00fd a p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161iteln\u00fd na d\u00e1lku. Jakmile p\u0159evodovka s v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem rozto\u010d\u00ed \u010derpadlo, hydraulickou kapalinu lze potrub\u00edm p\u0159iv\u00e9st kamkoli na n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed \u2013 nebo dokonce k odd\u011blen\u00fdm n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00edm pracuj\u00edc\u00edm sou\u010dasn\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm d\u011bli\u010d\u016f pr\u016ftoku. Tato flexibilita vedla k jej\u00edmu zaveden\u00ed v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch, lesnick\u00fdch, stavebn\u00edch a komun\u00e1ln\u00edch aplikac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V lesnictv\u00ed poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed hydraulick\u00e9 okruhy poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem drap\u00e1ky, n\u016f\u017eky na stromy, \u0161t\u00edpa\u010dky polen a procesory na palivov\u00e9 d\u0159evo. Tyto aplikace vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vysokotlak\u00e9 okruhy se st\u0159edn\u00edm pr\u016ftokem \u2013 obvykle 180 a\u017e 280 bar\u016f p\u0159i 30 a\u017e 60 l\/min. V\u00fdvodov\u00fd h\u0159\u00eddel s ot\u00e1\u010dkami 540 ot.\/min. a p\u0159evodem ot\u00e1\u010dek 1:3 poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00edc\u00edm zubov\u00e9 \u010derpadlo o objemu 28 cm3\/ot. produkuje p\u0159i jmenovit\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1ch p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 45 l\/min, co\u017e je dostate\u010dn\u00e9 pro v\u011bt\u0161inu jednov\u00e1lcov\u00fdch lesnick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed. Dvouv\u00e1lcov\u00e9 stroje \u2013 ty, kter\u00e9 sou\u010dasn\u011b up\u00ednaj\u00ed a \u0159e\u017eou \u2013 mohou pot\u0159ebovat 70 a v\u00edce l\/min, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje po\u017eadavek na v\u00fdvodov\u00fd h\u0159\u00eddel s ot\u00e1\u010dkami 1 000 ot.\/min. a p\u0159evodem 1:2,5 poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00edc\u00edm \u010derpadlo s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm objemem.<\/p>\n

V zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, krom\u011b standardn\u00edho n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed nesen\u00e9ho na traktoru, poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed hydraulick\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele vysava\u010de obil\u00ed (vysokotlak\u00e9 okruhy s pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdm tlakem p\u0159es 100 l\/min), post\u0159ikova\u010de sad\u016f s hydraulick\u00fdm pohonem ventil\u00e1tor\u016f a hydraulicky poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed hnoje, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed jak vysok\u00fd pr\u016ftok, tak vysok\u00fd tlak k vtla\u010den\u00ed kejdy do p\u016fdy skrz kotou\u010dov\u00e9 vst\u0159ikovac\u00ed \u0161t\u011brbiny. in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fd t\u00fdm ve spole\u010dnosti Ever-Power<\/a> pravideln\u011b specifikuje p\u0159evodov\u00e9 pom\u011bry pro zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dek pro tyto n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 aplikace a p\u0159izp\u016fsobuje v\u00fdkon p\u0159evodovky specifick\u00fdm po\u017eadavk\u016fm na \u010derpadlo a okruh syst\u00e9mu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka.<\/p>\n

Mezi komun\u00e1ln\u00ed a energetick\u00e9 aplikace pat\u0159\u00ed hydraulick\u00e9 agreg\u00e1ty poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem na plo\u0161in\u00e1ch montovan\u00fdch na n\u00e1kladn\u00ed automobily, zameta\u010de ulic a mobiln\u00ed kompresory. Tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u00fdstupy v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele n\u00e1kladn\u00edch automobil\u016f s ot\u00e1\u010dkami 1 000 ot.\/min a b\u011b\u017e\u00ed nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b po cel\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed sm\u011bny \u2013 6 a\u017e 10 hodin denn\u011b. Volba p\u0159evodovky pro tyto aplikace mus\u00ed up\u0159ednost\u0148ovat tepelnou odolnost pro nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fd provoz, odoln\u00e1 lo\u017eiska a vysoce kvalitn\u00ed t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele, kter\u00e1 odol\u00e1vaj\u00ed vystaven\u00ed ne\u010distot\u00e1m a soli z vozovky, kter\u00e9 jsou vlastn\u00ed silni\u010dn\u00ed technik\u011b.<\/p>\n

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\"P\u0159evodovka<\/div>\n

Sestava p\u0159evodovky hydraulick\u00e9ho motoru \u2013 typick\u00e1 pro nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 hydraulick\u00e9 obvody poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Harmonogram \u00fadr\u017eby hydraulick\u00fdch p\u0159evodovek v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele<\/h2>\n

Proto\u017ee hydraulick\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka s v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem pracuje sp\u00ed\u0161e s nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm ne\u017e s p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00fdm provozem b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm u v\u011bt\u0161iny zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch p\u0159evodovek, m\u011bl by b\u00fdt jej\u00ed pl\u00e1n \u00fadr\u017eby p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e intervaly publikovan\u00e9 pro univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159evodovky s v\u00fdvodov\u00fdm h\u0159\u00eddelem.<\/p>\n

Stav oleje je nejlep\u0161\u00edm ukazatelem stavu vnit\u0159n\u00ed p\u0159evodovky. P\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m servisn\u00edm intervalu odeberte vzorek 100 ml oleje vypou\u0161t\u011bc\u00edm otvorem a vizu\u00e1ln\u011b jej zkontrolujte. \u010cir\u00fd, jantarov\u011b zbarven\u00fd olej bez kovov\u00e9ho lesku indikuje norm\u00e1ln\u00ed provoz. Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00fd vzhled signalizuje kontaminaci vodou \u2013 \u010dasto v d\u016fsledku kondenzace ve stroj\u00edch, kter\u00e9 st\u0159\u00eddav\u011b provozuj\u00ed za tepla a p\u0159es noc skladuj\u00ed za studena. Jemn\u00fd kovov\u00fd t\u0159pyt na dn\u011b pr\u016fhledn\u00e9 n\u00e1doby na vzorky nazna\u010duje zrychlen\u00e9 opot\u0159eben\u00ed zub\u016f ozuben\u00e9ho kola, obvykle bu\u010f v d\u016fsledku kontaminovan\u00e9ho oleje, nebo p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00e9ho z\u00e1b\u011bru ozuben\u00e9ho kola. Tmav\u00fd, oxidovan\u00fd olej se z\u00e1pachem sp\u00e1leniny indikuje chronick\u00e9 p\u0159eh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a vy\u017eaduje okam\u017eit\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed syst\u00e9mu tepeln\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ne\u017e p\u0159evodovka bude pokra\u010dovat v provozu.<\/p>\n

T\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed vstupn\u00edho a v\u00fdstupn\u00edho h\u0159\u00eddele je t\u0159eba kontrolovat ka\u017ed\u00fdch 250 hodin. Na vstupn\u00ed stran\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uje net\u011bsn\u00e9 t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed kontaminaci maziva v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele p\u0159evodov\u00fdm olejem \u2013 pozn\u00e1te to podle \u0161edav\u00e9ho zbarven\u00ed oleje v bl\u00edzkosti vstupn\u00edho konce. Na v\u00fdstupn\u00ed stran\u011b, kde hnac\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddel \u010derpadla opou\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159evodovku, net\u011bsn\u00e9 t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed vystavuje vnit\u0159ek p\u0159evodovky hydraulick\u00e9 kapalin\u011b. Zat\u00edmco mnoho zvy\u0161ova\u010d\u016f ot\u00e1\u010dek v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele sd\u00edl\u00ed olej s \u010derpadlem (zejm\u00e9na v kombinovan\u00fdch proveden\u00edch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b), jednotky se samostatn\u00fdmi mazac\u00edmi syst\u00e9my mus\u00ed udr\u017eovat p\u0159evodov\u00fd olej a hydraulickou kapalinu odd\u011blen\u011b, proto\u017ee aditiva v t\u011bchto dvou kapalin\u00e1ch mohou b\u00fdt chemicky neslu\u010diteln\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Hnac\u00ed \u00fastroj\u00ed spojuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdvodov\u00fd h\u0159\u00eddel traktoru se vstupem do p\u0159evodovky by m\u011blo b\u00fdt maz\u00e1no ka\u017ed\u00fdch 50 hodin provozu \u2013 lo\u017eiska univerz\u00e1ln\u00edch kloub\u016f, dr\u00e1\u017eky kluzn\u00fdch t\u0159men\u016f a ochrann\u00e1 lo\u017eiska vy\u017eaduj\u00ed \u010derstv\u00e9 mazivo, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo korozi p\u0159i chodu nasucho, kter\u00e1 se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed mezi provozn\u00edmi sez\u00f3nami. K\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9 univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed klouby jsou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u00edstem selh\u00e1n\u00ed v cel\u00e9m hydraulick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele a jejich preventivn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bna (ka\u017ed\u00fdch 500 a\u017e 800 hodin, v z\u00e1vislosti na provozn\u00edm \u00fahlu) je mnohem levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 vadn\u00fdm kardanov\u00fdm kloubem, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje uvoln\u011bn\u00ed hnac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 rychlosti.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Jak vybrat spr\u00e1vnou hydraulickou p\u0159evodovku PTO<\/h2>\n

V\u00fdb\u011br za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159mi \u00fadaji: ot\u00e1\u010dkami v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele traktoru (540 nebo 1 000 ot\/min), dostupn\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele traktoru, specifikacemi hydraulick\u00e9ho \u010derpadla (objemov\u00fd objem, jmenovit\u00e9 ot\u00e1\u010dky, mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edruba a konfigurace hnac\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele) a hydraulick\u00fdmi po\u017eadavky n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed (pr\u016ftok, tlak a pracovn\u00ed cyklus).<\/p>\n

S t\u011bmito \u010dty\u0159mi vstupy se proces v\u00fdb\u011bru \u0159\u00edd\u00ed logickou posloupnost\u00ed. Zaprv\u00e9, ur\u010dete po\u017eadovan\u00e9 v\u00fdstupn\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky p\u0159evodovky vyd\u011blen\u00edm jmenovit\u00fdch vstupn\u00edch ot\u00e1\u010dek \u010derpadla ot\u00e1\u010dkami v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele. Zadruh\u00e9, vypo\u010d\u00edtejte maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed trval\u00fd to\u010div\u00fd moment, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed p\u0159evodovka p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et \u2013 ten se rovn\u00e1 maxim\u00e1ln\u00edmu vstupn\u00edmu to\u010div\u00e9mu momentu \u010derpadla p\u0159i nastaven\u00ed tlaku pojistn\u00e9ho ventilu plus rezerva 15% pro p\u0159echodn\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Zat\u0159et\u00ed, ov\u011b\u0159te, zda publikovan\u00fd trval\u00fd jmenovit\u00fd to\u010div\u00fd moment p\u0159evodovky p\u0159i vypo\u010d\u00edtan\u00fdch v\u00fdstupn\u00edch ot\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1ch p\u0159ekra\u010duje tento po\u017eadavek. Za\u010dtvrt\u00e9, ov\u011b\u0159te mechanick\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed \u2013 vstupn\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e1n\u00ed mus\u00ed odpov\u00eddat \u010depu v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele (obvykle 6dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 1-3\/8 palce pro 540 ot.\/min nebo 21dr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 1-3\/8 palce pro 1 000 ot.\/min) a v\u00fdstupn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edruba mus\u00ed odpov\u00eddat mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edmu vzoru \u010derpadla.<\/p>\n

Vyhn\u011bte se \u010dast\u00e9 chyb\u011b v\u00fdb\u011bru p\u0159evodovky pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdkonu bez ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed jmenovit\u00e9ho to\u010div\u00e9ho momentu. Dv\u011b p\u0159evodovky s jmenovit\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem \u201e50 HP\u201c mohou m\u00edt velmi odli\u0161n\u00e9 to\u010div\u00e9 momenty, pokud je jedna dimenzov\u00e1na na pom\u011br 1:2 (ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdstupn\u00ed to\u010div\u00fd moment) a druh\u00e1 na pom\u011br 1:4 (vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdstupn\u00ed to\u010div\u00fd moment). Skute\u010dn\u00fd to\u010div\u00fd moment na zubech ozuben\u00e9ho kola \u2013 nikoli v\u00fdkon na \u0161t\u00edtku \u2013 ur\u010duje, zda ozuben\u00e1 kola a lo\u017eiska vydr\u017e\u00ed zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed. Proch\u00e1zet P\u0159evodovka Ever-Power PTO<\/a> seznamy produkt\u016f pro nalezen\u00ed jednotek s kompletn\u00edmi specifikacemi to\u010div\u00e9ho momentu pro ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159evodov\u00fd pom\u011br, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje v\u00fdb\u011br pro specifickou aplikaci.<\/p>\n

\"Typ<\/p>\n

\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n
\n
\nJak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi zvy\u0161ova\u010dem ot\u00e1\u010dek v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele a reduktorem ot\u00e1\u010dek v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele?
\n+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

Zvy\u0161ova\u010d ot\u00e1\u010dek zvy\u0161uje ot\u00e1\u010dky v\u00fdstupn\u00edho h\u0159\u00eddele nad vstupn\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele, obvykle pro pohon hydraulick\u00fdch \u010derpadel, kter\u00e1 pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed 1 500 a\u017e 3 000 ot\u00e1\u010dek za minutu. Reduktor v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele d\u011bl\u00e1 opak \u2013 sni\u017euje v\u00fdstupn\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zn\u00e1sobuje to\u010div\u00fd moment, co\u017e je to, co vy\u017eaduje v\u011bt\u0161ina zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch stroj\u016f pro pr\u00e1ci v ter\u00e9nu, jako jsou rota\u010dn\u00ed \u0159eza\u010dky, kultiv\u00e1tory a lisy na bal\u00edky. Uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed ozuben\u00fdch kol uvnit\u0159 p\u0159evodovky ur\u010duje, jakou funkci p\u0159evodovka vykon\u00e1v\u00e1; z\u00e1kladn\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 principy jsou shodn\u00e9, pouze vztah vstup\/v\u00fdstup je obr\u00e1cen\u00fd.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nMohu pou\u017e\u00edt standardn\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blskou p\u0159evodovku k zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rychlosti obr\u00e1cen\u00edm vstupu a v\u00fdstupu?
\n+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

Technicky vzato se jak\u00fdkoli p\u00e1r ozuben\u00fdch kol m\u016f\u017ee ot\u00e1\u010det v obou sm\u011brech, ale \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky s p\u0159evodovkou maj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edly. V\u00fdstupn\u00ed lo\u017eisko je dimenzov\u00e1no pro vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dky a radi\u00e1ln\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u010derpadla, t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed je navr\u017eeno pro zv\u00fd\u0161enou obvodovou rychlost h\u0159\u00eddele a mazac\u00ed syst\u00e9m zaji\u0161\u0165uje dostate\u010dn\u00e9 rozst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed oleje do vysokorychlostn\u00edch v\u00fdstupn\u00edch lo\u017eisek. Provoz standardn\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u0159evodovky v opa\u010dn\u00e9m sm\u011bru obvykle vede k p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9mu selh\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdstupn\u00edho lo\u017eiska, proto\u017ee lo\u017eiska byla vybr\u00e1na pro v\u00fdstupn\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddel s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi ot\u00e1\u010dkami a vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm to\u010div\u00fdm momentem \u2013 nikoli pro vysokorychlostn\u00ed pohon \u010derpadla.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nJak zjist\u00edm, zda v\u00fdvodov\u00fd h\u0159\u00eddel m\u00e9ho traktoru zvl\u00e1dne zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hydraulick\u00e9ho agreg\u00e1tu?
\n+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

Vypo\u010d\u00edtejte hydraulick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkon pomoc\u00ed vzorce: kW = (Pr\u016ftok v l\/min \u00d7 Tlak v barech) \u00f7 600. P\u0159i\u010dt\u011bte 10% pro mechanick\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty v p\u0159evodovce a 15% pro bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed rezervu. Porovnejte tento sou\u010det s udan\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele va\u0161eho traktoru (p\u0159eve\u010fte HP na kW vyn\u00e1soben\u00edm 0,746). Pokud vypo\u010d\u00edtan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkon p\u0159es\u00e1hne 85% dostupn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele, traktor je pro nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fd provoz poddimenzov\u00e1n a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b se p\u0159i trval\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159eh\u0159eje nebo zastav\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nJak\u00fd olej bych m\u011bl pou\u017e\u00edt do p\u0159evodovky s inkrement\u00e1ln\u00edm pohonem v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele?
\n+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina v\u00fdrobc\u016f p\u0159edepisuje pro standardn\u00ed provozn\u00ed teploty p\u0159evodov\u00fd olej ISO VG 220 EP (extr\u00e9mn\u00ed tlak). V hork\u00e9m podneb\u00ed nebo v aplikac\u00edch s nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fdm provozem, kde teploty oleje pravideln\u011b p\u0159esahuj\u00ed 70 \u00b0C, poskytuje ISO VG 320 lep\u0161\u00ed pevnost olejov\u00e9ho filmu. U konstrukc\u00ed s kombinovanou n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, kde p\u0159evodovka sd\u00edl\u00ed olej s hydraulick\u00fdm \u010derpadlem, pou\u017eijte vysoce kvalitn\u00ed hydraulick\u00fd olej spl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed specifikaci v\u00fdrobce \u010derpadla \u2013 obvykle ISO VG 46 nebo VG 68 \u2013 a ov\u011b\u0159te si u v\u00fdrobce p\u0159evodovky, zda tato viskozita zaji\u0161\u0165uje dostate\u010dn\u00e9 maz\u00e1n\u00ed zub\u016f ozuben\u00e9ho kola p\u0159i provozn\u00ed teplot\u011b p\u0159evodovky.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nJak \u010dasto by se m\u011bl m\u011bnit olej v hydraulick\u00e9 p\u0159evodovce v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele?
\n+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

P\u0159i p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e9m provozu (m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 200 hodin ro\u010dn\u011b) m\u011b\u0148te olej ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b na za\u010d\u00e1tku provozn\u00ed sez\u00f3ny. P\u0159i nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9m provozu m\u011b\u0148te olej ka\u017ed\u00fdch 500 hodin nebo ka\u017ed\u00fdch 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, podle toho, co nastane d\u0159\u00edve. V obou p\u0159\u00edpadech olej ihned vym\u011b\u0148te, pokud vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontrola odhal\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, zm\u011bnu barvy nebo kovov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice. Po po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1b\u011bhu (prvn\u00edch 50 hodin) prove\u010fte v\u010dasnou v\u00fdm\u011bnu oleje, abyste odstranili ve\u0161ker\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed ne\u010distoty a po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed opot\u0159eben\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nM\u016f\u017ee hydraulick\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka PTO poh\u00e1n\u011bt dv\u011b \u010derpadla sou\u010dasn\u011b?
\n+<\/span><\/summary>\n
\n

Ano, konfigurace tandemov\u00fdch \u010derpadel jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9. Jeden p\u0159evodn\u00edk ot\u00e1\u010dek poh\u00e1n\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010derpadlo a druh\u00e9 \u010derpadlo se p\u0159i\u0161roubuje k pr\u016fchoz\u00edmu pohonu prim\u00e1rn\u00edho \u010derpadla (pr\u016fchoz\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddel na zadn\u00ed stran\u011b prvn\u00edho \u010derpadla). T\u00edm se dv\u011b \u010derpadla zapoj\u00ed do s\u00e9rie na jednom v\u00fdstupu p\u0159evodovky, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 hydraulick\u00e9 okruhy s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi tlaky a pr\u016ftoky z jednoho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele. P\u0159evodovka mus\u00ed b\u00fdt dimenzov\u00e1na na kombinovan\u00fd to\u010div\u00fd moment obou \u010derpadel p\u0159i jejich maxim\u00e1ln\u00edch provozn\u00edch tlac\u00edch.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Pot\u0159ebujete zv\u00fd\u0161it ot\u00e1\u010dky v\u00fdvodov\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00eddele pro v\u00e1\u0161 hydraulick\u00fd syst\u00e9m?<\/h2>\n

Od standardn\u00edch p\u0159evodov\u00fdch stup\u0148\u016f a\u017e po zak\u00e1zkov\u011b navr\u017een\u00e1 hydraulick\u00e1 p\u0159evodovka PTO pro aplikace s vysok\u00fdm pr\u016ftokem, n\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm dod\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159esn\u011b slad\u011bn\u00e9 jednotky, kter\u00e9 se op\u00edraj\u00ed o v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 let zku\u0161enost\u00ed s v\u00fdrobou zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch p\u0159enos\u016f v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n

Kontaktujte na\u0161e in\u017een\u00fdry<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

St\u0159iha\u010d: Cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hydraulic PTO Gearbox & Speed Increaser for Pumps When a tractor needs to power a hydraulic system that demands flow rates or pressures beyond what the onboard circuit can deliver, the answer almost always involves a hydraulic PTO gearbox \u2014 a speed increaser that converts the PTO shaft’s 540 or 1,000 RPM into pump-ready input […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4042],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-agricultural-gearbox"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1228"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1228\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1230,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1228\/revisions\/1230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pto-gearbox.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}